Дипломная работа на тему "ТЮМГУ | Gender and orientalism тне construction of discourse in sophia lane pooles letters from cairo ориентализм и гендер создание дискурса в письмах из Египта Софии Лэйнпул"

Работа на тему: Gender and orientalism тне construction of discourse in sophia lane pooles letters from cairo ориентализм и гендер создание дискурса в письмах из Египта Софии Лэйнпул
Оценка: отлично.
Оригинальность работы на момент публикации 50+% на антиплагиат.ру.
Ниже прилагаю все данные для покупки.
https://studentu24.ru/list/suppliers/Anastasiya1---1326

Описание работы

МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение
высшего образования
«ТЮМЕНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» ШКОЛА ПЕР_СПЕКТИВНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ (SAS)

ВЫПУСКНАЯ КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННАЯ РАБОТА
бакалаврская работа
GENDER AND ORIENTALISM: ТНЕ CONSTRUCTION OF DISCOURSE IN SOPHIA LANE POOLE'S LETTERS FROM CAIRO / ОРИЕНТАЛИЗМ И ГЕНДЕР: СОЗДАНИЕ ДИСКУРСА В ПИСЬМАХ ИЗ ЕГИПТА СОФИИ ЛЭЙНПУЛ

46.03.01 История Профиль «История»

Тюмень 2023

MINISТRY OF SCIE CE AND HIGНER EDUCATION OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Federal Autonomous Educational Institution ofHigher Professional Education
«UNIVERSITY OF TYUМEN» SCHOOL OF ADV ANCED STUDIES

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
GENDER AND ORIENTALISM: ТНЕ CONSTRUCTION OF DISCOURSE IN SOPHIA LANE POOLE'S LETTERS FROM CAIRO / ОРИЕНТАЛИЗМ И ГЕНДЕР: СОЗДАНИЕ ДИСКУРСА В ПИСЬМАХ ИЗ ЕГИПТА СОФИИ ЛЭЙНПУЛ

46.03.01 History Major «History»

Tyumen 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 4
CHAPTER 1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 8
CHAPTER 2. HISTORIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW 10
2.1. THE PLACE OF WESTERN FEMALE ORIENTALIST WORKS WITHIN THE MALE IMPERIALIST DISCOURSE 12
2.2. SOPHIA LANE POOLE AND EDWARD LANE: CO-AUTHORING THE NARRATIVE 14
2.3. FEMALE IMPERIALIST DISCOURSE 16
CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 18
CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS OF THE LETTERS FROM CAIRO 21
4.1. GENRE, TITLE, ILLUSTRATIONS–PARTS OF GENDER DISPLAY 22
4.2. INCONSISTENCIES IN POOLE AND LANE’S DISCOURSES 25
4.3. VEILING AND THE ENGLISHWOMAN COSTUME 28
4.4. REVERSED GAZE AND THE THIRD SPACE 31
CONCLUSION 34
LIST OF REFERENCES 42
APPENDIX 45

INTRODUCTION
On July 1, 1842, the English scholar and Orientalist, Edward William Lane, sailed to Egypt for the third time to continue his work on an Arabic-English lexicon. This trip, sponsored by Lord Prudhoe, later the Duke of Northumberland, was fortunate for Lane, who at that time had already published his manuscript The Account of Manners and Customs of Modern Egyptians, but was yet to establish any other paid occupation. Important as this trip was for Lane, it proved to be an enormous opportunity for another member of the trip, namely his sister, Sophia Lane Poole – or “Little Soph,” as Edward affectionately called her in one of his letters [Thompson, 1997, p. 259].
Born in 1804, Sophia Lane was the youngest child of a clergyman and prebendary of Hereford, Reverend Theophilus Lane, and of Sophia Gardiner, niece of the famous artist Thomas Gainsborough. Married in 1829 to Edward Richard Poole, a barrister and a deacon, Sophia had two children, Reginald Stuart and Edward Stanley Poole, who later both became Orientalists. Unfortunately, there is very little known about Sophia’s upbringing and personality. Besides being a sister to two accomplished brothers – Edward, the scholar, and Richard, the Royal lithographer, there is almost no mention of Sophia’s character and life from other sources and many aspects of Poole’s personal life remain mostly obscure to this day. What was her married life and what drew her away from her husband? What was her education? What was her relationship like with her brother(s)? To some degree, the answers can be guessed at, based on the facts known of her biography and information drawn from various, more comprehensive biographies of Edward Lane (such as The Life of Edward William Lane, written by Stanley Lane Poole, a grandchild of Sophia Poole, who had included Edward Lane’s personal diaries within this extensive biography, yet, had little to no mention of his grandmother, Sophia). However, by travelling with Edward Lane to Egypt, Poole managed to insert her own name into the history of British Orientalism by writing and publishing a three-volume letter collection called The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo.

With Theophilus Lane’s death in 1914, his children’s upbringing was taken in hand by their mother, Sophia Gardiner, who was proclaimed to be a “woman of remarkable power” and “the most important guiding force” [Thompson, 1997, p. 257] to whom Edward Lane was said to owe “much of that strength and beauty of character” [Fleischer, p. 612]. Perhaps named after her, Sophia Poole was also close to her mother. By 1840 Sophia with sons moved back to her mother, after leaving her husband Edward Poole, supposedly for his “excessive love for books… [and] strong liquor,” although, without being able to officially divorce [Baigent]. It was the death of Sophia Gardiner, a true loss for the family, which was apparently the reason that Sophia Lane Poole decided to accompany her brother to Egypt, and that “from this time to his death she never left him for a more than a few days” [Lane-Poole, 2005, p. 111].
Perhaps, such decisions shall come as no surprise, given the closeness of the familial ties within the Lane household. Judging by the affection both Sophia and Edward held their mother in, it is worth assuming that similar closeness existed between all the Lane siblings as well. It can be exemplified by the correspondence between Edward, Richard, and their eldest brother Theodor, when the former left for Egypt. It is in those letters, where Edward Lane mentions the matters of his own little English harem – his sister, nephews, and wife – describing to Richard how their dear “Little Soph” fared in her new surroundings [Thompson, 1997, p. 259].
Richard Lane, in turn, commemorated his brother Edward in painting and a sculpture presented in the National Portrait Gallery (Figures 1 and 2), capturing his image in Turkish clothes, which Edward was said to favour during his Egyptian travels. Richard Lane himself was portrayed by a member of the Royal Academy John Jackson, and the oil painting is stored online and can be easily accessed (Figure 3). Sophia Poole was also deemed worthy of such an honour, her image is harder to locate than those of her brothers. The drawing of her was made by Richard Lane and it still evidences the familial fondness (Figure 4).
Despite her remaining in the shadow of her brothers’ accomplishments, Sophia Lane Poole clearly had a strong will and an independent attitude, as she took the
decisive action of leaving her husband and later travelling to the mysterious Orient, at a time when such behaviour was largely outside the societal norms of her time for a woman of her class. Although Sophia Poole was the author of an extraordinary account of Egyptian daily life, traditions, and, most importantly, intimate knowledge of the lives of Egyptian women, she is still often described first in relation to men; as a devoted sister of Edward Lane or the estranged wife of Edward Poole. Even this particular work is guilty of that, and while having Sophia Poole as its heart and main inspiration, it begins with the introduction of Edward Lane’s name first, revealing the complex nature of foregrounding women who have been historically occluded.
As for Sophia Poole’s education, it is a given that she was at least literate, and, being surrounded by family members who were educated at Oxford and Cambridge, perhaps also impacted her intellectual abilities. Judging by the collection of letters she has left, she possessed sophisticated language skills and could compose cohesive narratives, but it is unknown to what degree her writings were edited by her brother. This opacity around whose words we finally see on the pages is an issue that has arisen several times throughout this research and would take further, detailed analysis to resolve. Like her brothers, Sophia also had some artistic abilities, as can be ascertained by an oil sketch based on an etching by her great uncle Thomas Gainsborough’s Wooded Landscape with Peasant Reading Tombstone (Figures 5 and 6). Upon her arrival in Egypt, Sophia had also taken time to learn Arabic and was later able to freely express herself or translate it to English, [Kararah, p. x] suggesting that whatever access she had, or did not have to formal education, she had diverse creative and linguistic talents.
It is most likely futile to look for the true constitution of her character solely in her published letters, because, unlike her brothers, Sophia Poole left no records of private correspondence. Perhaps, however, it was her descendants who did not bother to preserve Sophia’s written legacy in the way that Stanley Lane Poole did with Edward’s personal letters and diaries. Nevertheless, even with the limitations of her written archive the facts of Poole’s life speak of her unconventionality and strong love for her family. She was a lady of a high social order, the only daughter among three sons, who grew up in a loving family, surrounded by religious, academic, and artistic people. She was a devoted sister and mother, and even though her husband was not there to assist in the upbringing of their sons, she had her brother Edward Lane, who remained childless, to step up and take some responsibility for the boys’ education. However, with many questions about her still unanswered, it is in the Letters from Cairo, where we find what might be the best source to judge her character. In the Letters, her writing is highly opinionated and gives insight not only into the Egyptian way of life at the time, but also opens a window onto beliefs, imperial ideologies, and the prejudices embedded in the consciousness of a privileged Englishwoman of the 19th century.

LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Abdel-Hakim S. S. Sophia Poole: Writing the Self, Scribing Egyptian Women. [Electronic source] // Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, 2002. P. 107–126.
2. Baigent E. Poole, Sophia Lane (1804–1891). [Electronic source] // Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
3. Bhabha H. K. The Location of Culture. London; New York: Routledge, 2004. 440 p.
4. Bowring J. Report on Egypt and Candia: Addressed to the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Palmerston, Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. London: W. Clowes and Sons, 1840. 236 p.
5. Constable G. Letters and Letter-collections. Turnhout: Brepols, 1976. 68 p.
6. Fleischer. Edward William Lane. 10. August 1876. [Electronic source] // Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1876. P. 612–16.
7. Foster S. Colonialism and Gender in the East: Representations of the Harem in the Writings of Women Travellers. [Electronic source] // Yearbook of English Studies, 2004. P. 6-17.
8. Guegan X. Against ‘the Usual Restraints Imposed upon their Sex’: Conflictive Gender Representations in Nineteenth-Century Orients // The British Abroad Since the Eighteenth Century, Volume 2: Experiencing Imperialism, edited by Martin Farr and Xavier Guegan. Houndmills; Basingstoke; Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. 263 p.
9. Herath T. Women and Orientalism: 19th Century Representations of the Harem by European Female Travellers and Ottoman Women. [Electronic source] // Constellations, 2015. P. 31-40.
10. Horta P. L. The Annotated Arabian Nights: Tales from 1001 Nights. New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation, 2021. 816 p.
11. Kararah A. Introduction // The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo Written During a Residence There in 1842-46 by Sophia Poole / edited by Azza Kararah. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2003. P. vii-xix.
12. Lane E. W. An Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians, Written in Egypt During the Years 1833, -34, and -35. Volume I. London: C. Knight and Co., 1836. 404 p.
13. Lane Poole S. The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo, Written During a Residence There in 1842, 3, & 4, with E. W. Lane, Esq., Author of the ‘Modern Egyptians.’ By His sister. Volume I. London: C. Knight and Co., 1844. 232 p.
14. Lane Poole S. The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo, Written During a Residence There in 1842, 3, & 4, with E. W. Lane, Esq., Author of the ‘Modern Egyptians.’ By His sister. Volume II. London: C. Knight and Co., 1844. 240 p.
15. Lane Poole S. The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo, Written During a Residence There in 1845-46, with E. W. Lane, Esq., Author of the ‘Modern Egyptians.’ By His sister. Second Series. London: C. Knight and Co., 1846. 249 p.
16. Lane-Poole S. Life of Edward William Lane. Houston: Rice University, 2005. 138 p.
17. Lewis R. Gendering Orientalism: Race, Femininity, and Representation. London, New York: Routledge, 1996. 324 p.
18. Matus J. Collaboration and Collusion: Two Victorian Writing Couples and Their Orientalist Texts // Literary Couplings: Writing Couples, Collaborators, and the Construction of Authorship / edited by Marjorie Stone and Judith Thompson. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2006. P. 175-192.
19. Meyer S. Imperialism at Home: Race and Victorian Women’s Fiction. London: Cornell University Press, 1995. 232 p.
20. Note by the Editor // The Englishwoman in Egypt: Letters from Cairo Written During a Residence There in 1842, 3, & 4 with E. W. Lane, Esq. By His sister, Vol. II,
p. 184. London: C. Knight and Co., 1844. 184 p.
21. Ramli A. M. Contemporary criticism on the representation of female travellers of the Ottoman harem in the 19th century: A review. [Electronic source] // Intellectual Discourse, 2011. P. 263-279. (date of access: 17.05.2022)
22. Said E.W. Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books, 1979. 369 p.
23. Sam C. H. Shaping Discourse Through Social Media: Using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis to Explore the Narratives That Influence Educational Policy. [Electronic source] // American Behavioral Scientist, 2019. P. 333-350.
24. Sangha L. and Willis J. Understanding Early Modern Primary Sources. London; New York: Routledge, 2016. 295 p.
25. Thompson J. Edward William Lane in Egypt. [Electronic source] // Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, 1997. P. 243–261.
26. Thompson J. Edward William Lane’s ‘Description of Egypt.’ [Electronic source] // International Journal of Middle East Studies, 1996. P. 565–583.
27. Thompson J. Small Latin and Less Greek: Expurgated Passages from Edward William Lane's an Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians. [Electronic source] // Quaderni di Studi Arabi, 2006. P. 7-28.
28. West ,C. and Zimmerman D. H. Doing Gender. [Electronic source] // Gender and Society, 1987. P. 125-151.
29. Wiesner-Hanks M. E. Gender // Understanding Early Modern Primary Sources
/ edited by Laura Sangha, and Jonathan Willis. London; New York: Routledge, 2016. P. 155-169.
30. Yegenoglu M. Colonial Fantasies: Towards a Feminist Reading of Orientalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 196 p.